Hyaluronic acid is perhaps one of the most famous beauty ingredients. Even people far from the beauty industry have heard about it. However, knowledge about hyaluronic acid is often limited to the fact that it reduces wrinkles. In reality, everything is not so simple.
What is hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronic acid is the most versatile "beauty molecule". It was discovered in 1934 by Carl Meyer and his assistant John Palmer.
Hyaluronic acid is found in bones, connective tissue, cartilage, hair follicles and skin. At the same time, almost half of hyaluronic acid is present in the skin, where, acting like a magnet, it binds to water, slowing the speed of its evaporation and helping cells retain moisture. Just 1g of hyaluronic acid has the impressive ability to retain up to 6 liters of water. Add to that the ability to regulate moisture levels within cells and you have a phenomenal cellular component. It allows the skin to maintain a high level of moisture, remain elastic and healthy.
Therefore, hyaluronic acid has three main effects:
- anti age;
- moisturizing;
- wound healing.
Hyaluronic acid can be destroyed by free radicals under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, tobacco smoke and a polluted environment.
How to understand that your skin needs hyaluronic acid
After 25 years, skin cells produce less hyaluronic acid. This occurs due to a slowing of the cells' ability to divide and retain moisture. Dehydrated skin has an irregular structure, is dotted with fine wrinkles and appears dull.
To ensure that the skin remains soft, elastic and luminous, from the age of 25 you can include creams and preparations with hyaluronic acid in your daily care and, after the age of 30, also hyaluronic serum.
Hyaluronic acid supplements
In case of hyaluronic acid deficiency, it is advisable to take adequate supplements. Studies have shown that taking 120-240 mg of hyaluronic acid per day for at least a month significantly improves skin hydration and reduces dryness. Food supplements with hyaluronic acid can be taken from the age of 20.
Why don't hyaluronic acid products work?
If the skin is sufficiently hydrated, products containing hyaluronic acid may form lumps during application, which means that it is not necessary to use this component at this time.
If after using a cream or serum with hyaluronic acid you feel like a film on your skin, your skin does not need hyaluronic acid.
For which skin type are products with hyaluronic acid suitable?
There are three main types of skin:
- normal;
- Dry;
- Fat.
Skin of any type can experience dehydrating and sensitive conditions. That is, both oily and normal skin can be dehydrated. It is important not to confuse dehydration with dry skin type. The cause of dry skin is a lack of lipids, not water.
What names can hyaluronic acid have on the packaging?
Hyaluronic acid has the following names:
- hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid;
- acetylated hyaluronate;
- sodium hyaluronate;
- sodium salt of hyaluronic acid.
Which skin care products contain hyaluronic acid
Serums
They have a light texture, minimal composition and are distinguished by the highest concentration of hyaluronic acid. Furthermore, the texture of the serum allows hyaluronic acid to penetrate the skin faster. It is best to use a combination of large and small molecules to provide immediate hydration to the top layer of skin and longer-lasting effects on the lower epidermis.
How to use hyaluronic acid serum correctly
It is very important to apply the hyaluronic acid serum correctly. The fact is that if you apply a serum with hyaluronic acid to dry skin in a humid room without subsequent application of cream, the serum will draw moisture from the air and create a feeling of tightness without drying out the face. If the skin is hydrated and the environment is dry, the hyaluronic acid present on the surface of the face will draw water from the skin and evaporate it into the air, creating a feeling of dryness.
Therefore, it is important to apply a hyaluronic acid serum to slightly damp skin: you can spray your face with thermal water or not dry it completely with a towel, and after the serum immediately apply a moisturizing cream to "seal" the hyaluronic acid into the skin. skin. In this way the hydrating effect will be maximum. This scheme is suitable for any skin type.
Cleaning products
Synthetics with sodium hyaluronate will help remove makeup, dirt and excess sebum. The product is applied to damp skin, then washed off.
Lotion with sodium hyaluronate
It can be used for both face and body.
Gel with sodium hyaluronate
The gel should be applied to the skin until completely absorbed.
Face cream
Hyaluronic acid is a "team player" that works best when combined with a cream.
What are the side effects of using hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronic acid is perhaps the most harmless ingredient for the skin in terms of side effects. Since hyaluronic acid is a normal part of the skin, an allergic reaction to it is very rare.
The use of this acid, unlike glycolic, salicylic and others, is not aimed at renewing the epidermis, but at hydrating and maintaining the hydrolipidic mantle of the skin. Therefore it does not "expose" the skin and does not cause redness. Its use, if applied locally, does not stimulate skin exfoliation processes.
If you experience side effects after using a product containing hyaluronic acid, you should pay attention to the composition of the product: allergies to other ingredients may occur. This reaction can result from using too high a concentration of hyaluronic acid. Therefore, to avoid irritation or dryness, it is recommended to avoid concentrations of hyaluronic acid higher than 2%.
It is also advisable to do a preliminary "patch test": apply a small amount of any new product to the back of the wrist and evaluate side effects for 24 hours. If you experience any side effects after using hyaluronic acid, you should consult a dermatologist.
During pregnancy or breastfeeding the use of external preparations containing hyaluronic acid is safe.
What should hyaluronic acid be?
The benefits of hyaluronic acid directly depend on its molecular weight and its concentration. The diameter of the hyaluronic acid is also important as it determines the ingredient's ability to penetrate the skin.
Molecular weight is measured in so-called atomic mass units: daltons or kDa. Hyaluronic acid with weight between 50 and 1000 kDa is the most beneficial for the skin; a weight of approximately 130 kDa is considered optimal. Exceeding this indicator has no qualitative significance.
Why does the 130 kDa weight have the greatest effect?
In one study, researchers evaluated the skin effects of hyaluronic acid with different molecular weights, including 50, 130, 300, 800, and 2000 kDa. A month after starting to use topical preparations with different weights of acid, experts found that using 130 kDa was the most effective: skin elasticity increased by 20%. Both the 50 kDa and 130 kDa groups experienced significant reductions in wrinkle depth and skin roughness after 60 days. All other molecular weights also increased skin elasticity and hydration, but to a lesser extent.
With which components does hyaluronic acid combine well?
If you are looking for a duo of ingredients for optimal skin care, choose hyaluronic acid and vitamin C. They complement each other and promote maximum hydration, protection and restoration of the skin.
There's another reason why these ingredients work well together: too much vitamin C can cause irritation, dry skin, and even acne, and hyaluronic acid not only soothes and repairs the skin, helping to create a moisture barrier, but acts as a an excellent courier, delivering vitamin C to cells.
Other medical benefits of hyaluronic acid
In addition to its excellent cosmetic effect in skin care, sodium hyaluronate has other medical indications for use.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Hyaluronic acid is found in joint fluid and cartilage. However, with osteoarthritis, sodium hyaluronate levels in the joints become low. An injection of sodium hyaluronate can help with knee osteoarthritis. The medicine is injected directly into the knee and helps reduce pain in this area.
Eye surgery
Sodium hyaluronate drops are useful in procedures such as:
- cornea transplant surgery;
- glaucoma correction;
- secondary implantation of an intraocular lens;
- cataract surgery.
Thanks to its anti-inflammatory and hydrating effects, sodium hyaluronate reduces eye dryness that may occur after surgery.
Nasal spray with sodium hyaluronate
This product is effective for hydrating and regenerating the sinus mucosa.
Hyaluronic acid injections
Injectable wrinkle fillers can give your skin a more gently lifted appearance than a traditional facelift. Most fillers or fillers fill cavities, lines and wrinkles in less than 30 minutes and provide results that can last 4 months to a year.
What effect do the injections have?
The scope of application of hyaluronic acid gel is broad:
- wrinkle smoothing
- lip augmentation
- modeling of facial contours
- intensive hydration of the skin
The most popular category of wrinkle fillers is hyaluronic acid. Each type of drug works differently and produces different results.
Side effects
Side effects from these injections are rare, but may include:
- redness;
- edema;
- bruising at the injection site.
The filler may also appear under the skin in the form of small bumps, but they disappear within a day.
If you take blood thinners, the injection site will bleed longer and may cause minor bruising.
What you should know before hyaluronic acid injection
- You should not be guided solely by the price of the procedure.
- If you are offered wrinkle correction at a significantly lower price, it is possible that the craftsmanship or quality of the product leaves much to be desired.
- The procedure should be performed exclusively in a medical center.
- Procedures should only be performed in a medical setting, regardless of who performs them.
- Always ask for the name of the medication.
- Before the injection, the specialist must announce the name of the drug and show how he opens the new package. If the specialist does not provide this information, it is better to refuse the procedure.
Use sunscreen every day. This will help prolong the effect of the filler and protect against post-inflammatory pigmentation changes that may occur at the injection site.
Special precautions when performing hyaluronic acid injections
Pregnancy
There is no data confirming the safety of hyaluronic acid injections during pregnancy.
Breastfeeding
There is also no data yet on the safety of hyaluronic acid injections during breastfeeding and their effect on the baby.
Associated visible skin diseases
Applying hyaluronic acid can worsen the skin condition in people with scleroderma. With this pathology the topical use of products with hyaluronic acid is inappropriate.
How is hyaluronic acid injection performed?
Hyaluronic acid is injected under the skin with a thin needle in small volumes. Depending on your pain sensitivity and injection site, you can pre-apply an anesthetic cream or use local anesthesia in the form of an injection of anesthetic into the skin. When using a topical anesthetic, the anesthetic effect occurs within 2-3 minutes.
In which areas of the face are hyaluronic acid injections used?
- glabellar wrinkles in combination with botulinum toxin;
- nasolabial lines and "marionette lines";
- fine wrinkles around the mouth and lips.
It must be remembered that superficial or very deep wrinkles are difficult to treat. In these cases, the doctor may recommend a combination of hyaluronic acid gel with another drug and subsequent selection of skin care products.
How long does the hyaluronic acid injection procedure take?
The procedure lasts 15-60 minutes. But since the lip area is much smaller than other injection areas, the duration of working on it is also shorter.
How long does the effect of hyaluronic acid treatment last?
The duration of action varies from patient to patient and depends on many factors, including lifestyle, skin type, age and injection technique. For example, after lip augmentation, at least six months must pass before the next injection of the drug.
Which skin care treatments can hyaluronic acid be combined with?
Hyaluronic acid combines with most other ingredients, including peels, retinols, vitamins and other acids. The only exception is acids with low pH, such as glycolic acid, because they can inhibit the action of hyaluronic acid and significantly reduce its effectiveness.
What to do after injecting fillers at home
- Avoid massaging or rubbing the treated areas for the first 48 hours after treatment.
- During the first eight hours after surgery, do not touch the treated areas of your face unnecessarily. After that, you can wash your face with soap and apply light makeup.
- Until the initial redness and swelling of the skin subsides, extreme heating of the skin (tanning beds and sunbathing) and hypothermia should be avoided.
Is it possible to remove hyaluronic acid after treatment?
NO. If you are not satisfied with the result, you can carry out the treatment gradually until the desired effect is achieved.
What is biorevitalization
Biorevitalization is a form of mesotherapy that uses higher concentrations of hyaluronic acid. It should not be confused with filler, which acts as a filler for wrinkles and does not provide nutrients to the skin.
Biorevitalization can be used on the neck, décolleté, arms, hands and areas around the knees.
The main goal of the therapy is to fill the skin with hyaluronic acid, which stimulates the natural production of collagen, hyaluronic acid and active metabolism under the skin, which contributes to its rejuvenation.
To do this, purified hyaluronic acid of non-animal origin is injected into the skin. This means that it is synthesized by bacteriological strains of streptococcus, is completely organic for the human body and does not cause adverse reactions. This method of skin rejuvenation is considered simpler than other cosmetic procedures, but no less effective.
Biorevitalization is recommended after 25-30 years, when the amount of native hyaluronic acid begins to significantly decrease and the skin intensively loses moisture. This leads to loss of tone and elasticity, increased dryness and tendency to inflammation. The result is visible after the first procedure, but for the ideal effect it is necessary to undergo a course of treatment.
What is mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is the rejuvenation of tired tissues. The main objective of the technique is to enrich the skin with beneficial and nourishing substances. Thanks to injections, this process becomes deeper and more intense than using creams and masks. Depending on the goals of the correction, the doctor selects a ready-made solution or composes it individually, taking into account the characteristics of the patient's body.
The components of mesotherapy can be:
- hyaluronic acid;
- vitamin and mineral complexes;
- amino acids, antioxidants;
- peptides;
- phytoextracts.
The procedure is performed with very thin needles. Mesotherapy has a long-lasting effect after the first injection session and allows you to solve a whole series of problems. It is aimed at improving the general condition of the skin, normalizing microcirculation in cells and intercellular space, increasing tissue elasticity and eliminating various aesthetic defects. The youth and freshness of the skin lasts up to ten months and can be maintained with repeated injections.
What to choose: mesotherapy or biorevitalization
There is no clear answer. Biorevitalization injections contain only hyaluronic acid, which is necessary first and foremost to hydrate and restore damaged tissues.
Mesotherapy cocktails are a whole complex of biologically active components that have a complex effect on tissues and can solve several aesthetic problems at once.
Mesotherapy will also help where there are specific problems, such as:
- dark circles and bags under the eyes;
- cellulite;
- hair loss;
- scars.
Mesotherapy includes both superficial injection of drugs to a depth of 2 mm and deep punctures.
Therefore, for patients aged 30 years and older, mesotherapy is optimal, which is especially relevant when solving cosmetic problems associated with acne and scars, and biorevitalization will be the best option for patients older than 25 years old.